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Joseph, E. J.
- FAO-CROPWAT Model-Based Estimation of Crop Water Need and Appraisal of Water Resources for Sustainable Water Resource Management:Pilot Study for Kollam District - Humid Tropical Region of Kerala, India
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PDF Views:86
Authors
Affiliations
1 Water Management Division (Agriculture), Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode 673 571, IN
1 Water Management Division (Agriculture), Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode 673 571, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 01 (2017), Pagination: 76-86Abstract
An effort has been made to calculate the water needs for various crops in different agro-ecological units (AEUs) of Kollam district (a humid tropical region of Kerala) using FAO-CROPWAT. The major cultivated crops are rice, coconut, rubber, pepper, banana, brinjal, tomato, tapioca, cardamom, tea, etc. The gross water required for these crops has been computed in various AEUs using meteorological parameters. Using evapotranspiration and effective rainfall in each unit, a water balance has been worked out. An overall water balance of the district has been attempted by considering irrigation, domestic and industrial demand of AEUs, under current scenario and future demand. The gross irrigation demand for the currently irrigated area in the district at 70% efficiency is 1045 mm3, of which 920 mm3 is supplied from surface water sources and 125 mm3 from groundwater sources. The projected future total water demands for irrigation, drinking and industrial purposes will be 2667 mm3. However, the utilizable water resource from all river basins of Kollam is only 1117 mm3. The above data shows a deficit of 1550 mm3 and it will be difficult to arrive at requirements with the existing water resources at a given point of time. We infer that if the total area is brought under irrigation, there will be water scarce years, and hence decreasing irrigation or the command area needs to be adopted to manage this shortfall and sustain production. We have also discussed several options/strategies for better water management under these changing climatic circumstances to provide water to meet the demands of all the users.Keywords
Crop Water Requirement, CROPWAT, Evapotranspiration, Effective Rainfall, Irrigation Demand.Full Text
- Influence of Open and Polyhouse Conditions on Soil Carbon Dioxide Emission from Amaranthus Plots with Different Nutrient Management Practices under Changing Climate Scenario
Abstract Views :201 |
PDF Views:82
Authors
Affiliations
1 Water Management (Agriculture) Division, Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode 673 571, IN
1 Water Management (Agriculture) Division, Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode 673 571, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 06 (2018), Pagination: 1311-1317Abstract
A field study was conducted using Amaranthus to assess the impact of increased temperature in polyhouse with three different treatments, viz. 100% organic, 100% inorganic and 50% organic + 50% inorganic nutrition on growth, yield and carbon dioxide (CO2) evolution compared to that of open natural condition. Among the different treatments applied, 100% application of organic manure resulted in maximum CO2 emission in both open (538 mg) and polyhouse conditions (551 mg). The lowest value of CO2 evolution (266 mg) was observed with 100% application of inorganic fertilizers under polyhouse conditions. In all the three treatments, CO2 evolution almost reached a plateau and stabilized during the last two observations. At the last interval, CO2 evolution ranged from 4.00 to 6.80 mg in all the treatments. However, cumulative CO2 evolution showed that the emission was higher under open natural conditions (434 mg) compared to the polyhouse conditions (398 mg) at elevated temperature. This indicated that the microbial respiration was higher under natural conditions. Ambient air temperature and soil temperature were higher under polyhouse condition than open natural condition. However, soil moisture was higher under open condition than polyhouse condition for most observations. It could be observed from the experiment that Amaranthus production declined with increase in temperature, and maximum yield was obtained with 100% application of organic manure under open condition. Under elevated temperature condition in polyhouse, 50% application of inorganic fertilizer + 50% application of organic manure (T3) registered the maximum crop production. This suggests that sufficient mitigation strategies need to be adopted for sustaining crop production under changing climate scenario.Keywords
Amaranthus, Carbon Dioxide Emission, Crop Productivity, Soil Temperature.Full Text
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